Effect of resveratrol on forelimb grip strength and myofibril structure in aged rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of resveratrol on muscle mass, forelimb grip strength, myofibril structure and AMPK/sirt1 pathway in skeletal muscles of aged rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty aged (25 months old) SD rats were randomly divided into aged control group and resveratrol treatment group (10 in each group) with 10 young (6 months old) rats served as the young control group. In resveratrol treatment group, the rats were treated with resveratrol (mixed in chow) for 6 weeks. After the treatment, the mass of the gastrocnemius was measured and the sarcopenia index (SI) was calculated as the gastrocnemius mass (mg) to body weight (g) ratio. The forelimb grip strength of the rats was measured using a electronic grip strength meter, and the lengths of the sarcomere, I-band, A-band and H-zone of the myofibrils were determined by transmission electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the young rats, the aged control rats had significantly lower SI of the gastrocnemius (P<0.05) and grip strength (P<0.05) with increased lengths of the sarcomere, A-band, I-band and H-zone (P<0.05) and lowered expressions of AMPK, P-AMPK, and sirt1 protein (P<0.05). Resveratrol treatment of the aged rats significantly increased the forelimb grip strength, reduced the lengths of sarcomere length, I-band and H-zone (P<0.05) and increased, P-AMPK, sirt1 protein expressions (P<0.05) without significantly affecting the SI (P>0.05) or the A-band length (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Resveratrol does not improve the muscle mass but can increase the forelimb grip strength in aged rats possibly by activating AMPK/sirt1 pathway to improve the ultrastructure of the myofibrils.</p>

Utilization Analysis of Antidiabetic Essential Medicines in the Outpatient of Our Hospital from 2012 to 2014 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical rational use of antidiabetic essential medicines. METHODS:Retro-spective analysis was used to sort and analyze the consumption sum,DDDs and DDC of antidiabetic drugs in the outpatient of our hospital from May 1st,2012 to Apr. 30th,2014. RESULTS:The consumption sum and DDDs of insulin and oral antidiabetic drugs had upward trend. The top 3 consumption sum and DDDs of oral antidiabetic drugs were acarbose,metformin and glimepiri-de,and the highest DDDs of insulin was short-acting and premixed recombinant human insulin,all of them were in the National Essential Medicine List (2012 edition);DDDs of Glibenclamide tablets,Glipizide tablets and Chinese patent medicine were rela-tively small;DDC in long-acting insulin analogues was obviously higher than other kinds of insulin. The sales ratio of essential medicines was increased from 10.48% to 67.78% after National Essential Medicine List (2012 edition)carried out. CONCLU-SIONS:The use of antidiabetic drugs in the outpatient of our hospital is basically rational. Acarbose and metformin have the high-est DDDs,and DDDs of insulin analogues grow rapidly.

Proteomic analysis of gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis rats of Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome treated by sanren decoction: an experimental study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expressions of gastric mucosal proteins in chronic gastritis (CG) rats of Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome (PWDHS), to investigate the pathogenesis correlated to CG rats of PWDHS, to observe the differential expressions of gastric mucosal proteins in CG rats of PWDHS, and to investigate the mechanisms of Sanren Decoction (SD) for treating CG rats of PWDHS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 36 male SD rats were adaptable fed for 3 days and randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e., the normal control group, the CG of PWDHS rat model group (abbreviated as the model group), and the SD treatment group, 12 in each group. The CG of PWDHS rat model was prepared by composite factors. The gastric mucosal protein was separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technique, and stained by Coomassie brilliant blue. The protein spots expressed differently were analyzed by PDquest 8.0 software. The protein spots expressed differently was identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The protein spots were 1 025 +/- 3 9, 994 +/- 51, 1 087 +/- 33 in the normal control group, the model group, and the SD treatment group respectively detected from two-dimensional gel electrophoresis profiles. Compared with the normal control group, there were 74 protein spots differentially expressed in the model group, 30 spots up-regulated and 44 spots down-regulated. Compared with the model group, there were 75 protein spots differentially expressed in the SD treatment group, 49 spots up-regulated and 26 spots down-regulated. Five protein spots differentially expressed were successfully identified, i.e., heat shock protein 72 (HSP72), heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), protein disulfide-isomerase (PDI), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and unnamed protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The pathogenesis of CG of PWDHS may be correlated to energy metabolism disturbance and stress. The mechanisms of SD for treating it may possibly adjust differential expressions of gastric mucosal proteins.</p>

Absorption and transportation characteristic of alkaloids from herba ephedra in model of Caco-2 cells monolayer / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the absorption and transportation characteristic of 1-ephedrine (LEP), d-pseudoephedrine (DPEP), d-norpseudoephedrine (DNPE) isolated from Herba Ephedrae, which were classified the alkaloids, in human intestinal epithelium.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Caco-2 (the human colon adeno carcinoma cell lines) cells monolayer was used as an intestinal epithelial cell model. The permeability of the three alkaloids from apical side (AP side) to basolateral side (BL side) or from BL side to AP side was evaluated. The concentration of the three alkaloids was measured by HPLC coupled with UV detector. Transportation parameters and apparent permeability coefficients (P(app)) were then calculated, and P(app) values were compared with the reported values for model compounds, propranolol and atenolol.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The P(app) values of the three alkaloids in the bi-directional transportation were quantitative degree of 1.0 x 10(-5) cm x s(-1), which was comparable with the P(app), value of propranolol, which is a transcellular transportation marker and a well-transported compound with a P(app) > or = 1.0 x 10(-5) cm x s(-1). The absorption and transportation of the three alkaloids were positive correlation to the concentration of 10-200 mol x L(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LEP, DPEP and DNPE can be absorbed across intestinal epithelial cells by passive diffusion mechanism, and are well absorbed compounds.</p>